Rail anchor



Nov. 3, 1931.

E. A. SKQWRON I RAIL ANCHOR,

Filed Dec. 30, 1930 INVENTOR WITNESSES a S VANIA' v t {This invention relatesto rail anchors, and

moreparticularly tothose compris ng a s1n'- Patented Nov. 3, 1931 EDM ND isxownon, g rm a n; Pn msYLvmvm, nssrenonro wo oDINGsv,; ER T O L Won -K s OF'VERONA', PENNSYLVANIA; Atoonronn'rrolvor PENN- imi ation.mut t 3o, 1'93o. seria1 n 505,504.

gle piece of bar'steel bent to form an intermediate. tie-engaging 100p, withza hookat 'one end and a j aw'atthejotherend adapted to engage the edge a of: a? rail" base,:. and so -shaped as to require distortion of the anchor in order to bring the hook and jaw intoen- 'gagement with thegupper' side of the rail;

. VAn objectof'theinvention is to provide a one-piece rail anchor'adapted to'haveji'com st'antly resilient engagement with theup'per and lower side ofthe rail base. Another; object is to provide theanchor' with a dependingloop adaptedto engage a tie, the oppo- 'fsite ends of the anchorbeing bent oppositely outofthe plane of'the loop and adapted to bear ontheupper side of therail base.

fiwsAnother object is to produce aone-piece .20-

book and'a 'aw adapted to engage, theoppo- I site edgesot being bent laterally and .oppositely 'ou'tofthe plane of the intermediate portion of thejan- 4 chor "and adapted .toflbe distorted as the anrailanchor having its ends-formedintoa therail base, said hookand aw 'chor is driven transversely across therail to gripping'position thereon, the opposite positioning ofthe hookand jaw resulting in a I torsionalfconstantgrip on therail, the two ends tending to twistthe-anchor in opposite j directions. 1

Other objects 'and advantages will" be Y parent to thosefamiliar with the art Referringto the drawings, Fig. 1 1S a perspective view of thei'anchor ,-before" ap'pl1c a- .tion to the rail"R; Fig. 2 shows the anchor as preliminarily ap plied'to a rail only with, the jaw endqengaged; Fig. '3 showsjthe an- Ichor as'preliminarily applied to a rail. and

rotated from. the'position of Fig. 2 ready to be driven to final position on the rail; Fig. .4 is an, end view of; theanchor-as shown in Fig.3; Fig.5 is a side view of the-anchor afterapplic'ation to a rail; and'Fig'. 6is an end view of the anchoras-appliedto the rail izand abuttingthetie." t ,jglitail anchors are applled-to railway rails for the purpose of preventing creeping of the V rails in the direction of train travel. Such de- -Vi.Ces and their general purposes are well in general. The invention hereinvolved relatesonl'y to improvements inistructure of a "deviceithat is generically oldiin the art.: 1 The! particular device constituting the present invention consists of. asingle piece-of for a tie T inthe track, as shown in Fig. 6. Thettwo ends of, the bar are;bent to form a The 'hook as: shown in. Figs. 3 and 5 comprises a substantiallystraight horizontal portion 2;"an upright portion'3and a angle :to the portion 2. The upright portion 3 of thehook-is bent laterally withlrespect to the generalplane of the loop portion L.

1 At thelother end of thebar isformed; a lat-- ierally extending portion 5. in substantial alignment with the portion2 abovereferred to, an upright portion 6', and a bentback terminal portion 7, all'constituting the jaw J.

:Theiterminal portion 7, otthe jaw is bent laterally with respectto the plane of the loop a L, ina direction opposite to that in which thehook His bent. Thus the hook andjaw are bent oppositely out'of'the plane of the loopL- Theclearance othook H is suflicient to permit it-to slip over the edge of a rail only when the hook is in substantially vertical positionl l 7 Likewise the jaw J, when in a vertical plane asshown in Fig. 2, is wide enough to freelyreceive an edge of the rail base, but when the-anehoris rotated on its longitudinalaxis sufficiently to bring the aw J into position to passover the edge of the rail base,

thef'efiectiveclearance of thejaw is not suflicient to receive the rail base. Consequently,

for both the aw andhool: to engage the rail basethe anchor must be distorted, bending the knoWii in-the artiandneed not be' described hook H anda jaw J adapted to engage rezspectively the opposite sides of the rail'base.

terminal inturned portion-4, bentback at'an i ''As'1therai1 jaw or hook,or both, or the body portion between the'm out of normal position;

The anchor is applied by slipplng it under therail with the loop nearly flat against the bottom of the rail base,'as shown in Fig. 2. This permits thefj aw to engage one side of the rail base the hook being then substantially parallel'withthe under side of the rail, -With therailbase extending -tothe innermost-parts .ofthe aw J,,the and tries; hook H jis posithan hyondithfoppositeedge of-therail base, as s own in Fig. 2. By thenrotating the anchor on its longitudinal axis a'ra'r'as" it ispermitted to go, the clearance of;the

1 Theanchojr is then StI-lldk o the-iterate thereof with a spike maul, I or other tool, to

- hoolfgfrides' up on the rail basejit tends to ro-. ftat-e the anchoronits-longitudinal axis. a This rotative tendency is resisted by ;the aw J, which has'already been turned in lthatgdi- "rec tion as f ar as it can go without distortion, V The'iresult isthat driving thelhookonto'the "'r-ail baseto the' position' shown in Fig, 5

distorts the'anehori When therefore the anc'ho r' has been driVen-homeiit is seated on the a rail 'withja strong resilientipnessurelon the upper side ofeachl edgeof therail basepand the under face-of the rail base.

. top ofthe rail-baseand the portions 2zand 5 areconstantly urged upward. against the under sideotth e rail-base. I w I tends' to creep. forward in the direction shown by an arrow, Fig- 6, the tendency to cant the bottom o'i-the anchor.

with respectto the rail,'andthat tendency will increasetheshackle grip of the 3 hookontherail. I a j I l hafb' een found from practice that an giichor constructed according-to the forego- 'ing description'will give-a Very strong grip on thejrail, will be materially increased duet 1the'cant'ing action oft'he abut'mentof theloop' against the tie;v Due to the length of the bar and the .propo'rtioning of the bends therein, distortion incident to a-pplica- I g, tion of the anchor to the rail is so'distributed amt-m, 'm' attained" beyond the elastic full strengthand usefulness after'oneormore applications? When it isdesired totake the anchor ofi'ftherail a'blow or a spike'niaul t drive it'transverselyfacross the;rail.l;.1 ;s the -with a zfulcruming pressure on each side. of,

bar and effect a or the like on the jaw end thereof will release it. This anchor has the advantage of being made from a single piece'ofstandard shaped bar metal, without any loss due to scrap, and without the necessity of any punching or forgingoperations; It be readily applied without special tools, and as easily removed. I

e 1. A railanchoradapted'towresilientlyengage a rail base and consistingof single bar ofspring steel bent'to form a rail-base engaginghook at one end, a depending intermediate loop adapted to contact with a tie, arailebase iengagingj aw at the other. endQthe bar being bent to turnjthe said hookandjaw portions laterally oppositely out of the plane of the intermediate loop to an extentsrequire ingfdistortion of the anchor topermit its a plication to the railbase, the j awfbei ng' adapted toengage preliminarily one side of-the rail. base and to permit ftu-rning'the-anchor to I bring the hook into engagement with the upper" corner of the opposite sideofthe rail base, thehook being shaped to cause rotation otthe loop .anchdistortionlof the anchor. asthe hook lSjdDlVGll-OIIQO' the rail base; i l

25 A rail anchor ofthe class described c. 11- sisting of a single bar of spring steelrbentto form a rail-base engaging hookv atone end, a depending intermediate loop, a rail-:baseengaging-jaw at the other end, thebarbeing bent'to turn the saidhook and. jaw portions laterally oppositely out of the plane of the intermediate loo?v and spaced .tofrequire b nd ing the hook and jaw backtoward said plane to permit application of the anchor to a rail. 1 '3'. rail anchorconsisting.ofsasingle'bar of spring steel bent to form a rail-base engaging hook at one end," a depending inter- LOO " mediate loop adapted to contact a tie under a rail,1a rail-base engaging at the otherend, the bar beingbent to turn the said .hookand jaw portions laterally oppositely out ofthe plane of the intermediate loop wherebyto. 'require distortion ofthe anchor to permit its application to a rail, the jaw being adapted to. engage one side oftherail base. and to permit longitudinal rotation of theanchor thereafter before bringing the jaw end into contact with the upper side of the said rail base and the "hook in-to position to rideup on the opposite side of the base, the hook being adapted'to-ro tatethe anchor in reverse directionf'as' it is 133 driven on the rail base, whereby to distort the 7 resilient grip on each-side of the railhase. P I 3 s 4i A rail anchor consisting of asingle bar I of spring steel .bent to torm arail-base en aghook-at one'endadee d' te t limit of the'steel. 'Consequently it retains the a p11 mg m rme la 6 loop adapted to contact a tie under the-rail, arail-base engaging'jaw at the other end,-the bar'being bent to turn the said hook and j aw, ortions laterallyioppositelyoutof the plane, 139

EDMUND'A. SKOWRON; 

